分类： 树莓派

Fritzing 使用注意事项

使用心得

svg:g节点的copper1是电路板正面,copper0是电路板反面

svg:g的id=silkscreen默认丝印在正面

获取自己的ip地址数据库

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import re
import time
iplist=''
def getpublicip():
    t=requests.get("http://txt.go.sohu.com/ip/soip")
    nums=(t.text.find('window.sohu_user_ip='))
    pre_ip=(t.text[(nums+21):(nums+21+15)])
    ip = pre_ip.split('"')[0]
    return ip
for a in range(0,255):
    for b in range(0,255):
        for c in range(0,255):
            for d in range(0,255):
                ip=str(a)+'.'+str(b)+'.'+str(c)+'.'+str(d)
                url = "https://www.ip138.com/iplookup.asp?ip={}&action=2".format(ip)
                headers = {
                    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.100 Safari/537.36'
                }
                # 获取响应
                response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)
                response.encoding = "gb2312"
                html = response.text
                time.sleep(0.05)
                for match in re.finditer('"(ip|prov|city|ct)":"(.*?)"',html):
                    print(ip+':'+match.group())
                    with open('ip2city.txt',mode='a',encoding='utf-8') as f:
                        f.write(ip+','+iplist.join(match.group())+'\n')

http://ip.bczs.net/city/320100

编译包含自己模块和程序的micropython固件（ESP32-C3）

1.1.2. Esp-idf开发环境

在linux子系统命令行模式下依次执行如下指令：

cd ~

git clone https://gitee.com/EspressifSystems/esp-gitee-tools.git

git clone https://gitee.com/EspressifSystems/esp-idf.git

ls

执行结束后窗口如下所示：

执行如下指令:

cd esp-idf

git checkout v4.4.1

cd ~/esp-gitee-tools

./submodule-update.sh ~/esp-idf/

./install.sh ~/esp-idf/

( . /home/peter/esp-idf/export.sh)

(

Added the following directories to PATH:
/home/peter/esp-idf/components/esptool_py/esptool
/home/peter/esp-idf/components/espcoredump
/home/peter/esp-idf/components/partition_table
/home/peter/esp-idf/components/app_update
Done! You can now compile ESP-IDF projects.
Go to the project directory and run:

idf.py build

(检查一下PATH是否包含上述路径，$PATH)

等待命令结束，接着执行如下指令:

sudo nano /etc/profile
末尾加上以下一行：
export PATH="$PATH:~/esp-idf"

cd ~/esp-idf/

source export.sh

1.1.3. 编译固件

执行如下指令

cd ~

git clone https://gitee.com/CHN_ZC/micropython.git

sudo chmod a+rwx micropython

cd ~/micropython

make -C mpy-cross

cd ports/esp32

make submodules

make

最终执行结果：

1.1.4. 测试模块

Python文件模块放在esp32下的modules文件夹，进入该文件夹：

cd modules

新建一个测试用的python文件，如下：

nano test.py

文件内容如下:

from time import sleep
def hello():
    print("hello world")
def hw(str):
    print(str)
def cycle(str):
    while True:
        print(str)
        sleep(1)

保存后回到esp32目录，执行编译操作：

cd ~/micropython   #micropython根目录

make -C mpy-cross

cd ports/esp32/

编译esp32c3固件

make clean

更改ports/esp32/Makefile文件

找到 BOARD ?= GENERIC
改为 BOARD ?= GENERIC_C3

make

留意上面的三个文件及地址，分别是烧录文件及偏移地址。

注意：

严格按照执行后的提示执行一下，否则会导致环境变量等等没有设置，为后续编译带来很多麻烦

如果安装了虚拟机，比如在windows上安装了ubuntu，则可以将编译好的文件拷回windows系统再用工具烧录，比如将xxx拷贝到windows的d盘：

$ cp xxx /mnt/d/

$ cp build-GENERIC_C3/bootloader/bootloader.bin /mnt/d/
$ cp build-GENERIC_C3/partition_table/partition-table.bin /mnt/d/
$ cp build-GENERIC_C3/micropython.bin /mnt/d/

使用 micropython 的一些技巧

确认连接wifi后，用以下方式安装模块

import upip
upip.install('micropython-uasyncio')
upip.install('micropython-pkg_resources')

文件传输，先安装相关工具(ampy是文件传输工具，特别是对于有二进制文件传输需求的很有用，传统的编辑工具thonny的很好补充，pyserial是命令行串口调试工具)：

pip install esptool adafruit-ampy pyserial

再编写批处理文件putfile.bat(将目录下的文件和文件夹传入esp32)

set COMPORT=COM13
ampy --port %COMPORT% --baud 115200 put boot.py
ampy --port %COMPORT% --baud 115200 put configserver.py
ampy --port %COMPORT% --baud 115200 put main.py
ampy --port %COMPORT% --baud 115200 put wifi_database.py
ampy --port %COMPORT% --baud 115200 put html
pause

使用批处理文件很方便处理命令行，节省太多时间，举几个例子：

set COMPORT=COM36
python -m esptool --port %COMPORT% erase_flash
python -m esptool --port %COMPORT% --chip esp8266 write_flash --flash_size=detect -fm dio 0 "esp8266-20191220-v1.12.bin"
pause

@echo off
set COMPORT=COM36
echo Press Reset Button
python -m serial.tools.miniterm %COMPORT% 115200

改编的定时浇水(由esp32-c3独立完成)

#coding:utf-8
from machine import UART,Pin,RTC
import machine
import time,network
import ntptime
import os
led1=Pin(12,Pin.OUT)
led2=Pin(13,Pin.OUT)
rtc = RTC()
k=0
def linedetect():
    uart=UART(1,baudrate=115200,tx=6,rx=7,timeout=1)  #设置Pin6=tx，Pin7=rx
    idsend='huanghe'
    idreceive='changjiang'
    uart.write(idsend)
    time.sleep(5)      #树莓派启动需要的时间，否则会反复重启
    receive_data=uart.readline()
    if (idreceive in str(receive_data)):
        return 1
    else:
        return 0
def onoff1(pinnum):
    p = Pin(pinnum, Pin.OUT)
    p.on()
#    p.off()
def onoff0(pinnum):
    p = Pin(pinnum, Pin.OUT)
    p.off()
def createconfigfile(filename):
    uart=UART(1,baudrate=115200,tx=6,rx=7,timeout=1)
    time.sleep(5)
    readmsg = uart.readline()
    if 'SSID' and 'PWD' and 'START' and 'END' and 'changjiang' in str(readmsg):
        content = readmsg
        with open(filename,mode='w',encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write(content)
def readconfigfile(filename):
    with open(filename,mode='r',encoding='utf-8') as f:
        s=f.read().strip('\n').split(',')
        if 'SSID' and 'PWD' and 'START' and 'END' and 'changjiang' in s:
            ssid=s[0].split(':')[1]
            pwd=s[1].split(':')[1]
            startt=s[2].split(':')[1]
            endt=s[3].split(':')[1]
            return ssid,pwd,startt,endt
        else:
            print('config file format error,will drop it')
            os.remove(filename)
# 同步时间
def sync_ntp():
     ntptime.NTP_DELTA = 3155644800   # 可选 UTC+8偏移时间（秒），不设置就是UTC0
     ntptime.host = 'ntp1.aliyun.com'  # 可选，ntp服务器，默认是"pool.ntp.org"
     try:
         ntptime.settime()   # 修改设备时间,到这就已经设置好了
     except:
         for i in range(6):
            led1.value(1)              #turn off 0是亮
            time.sleep(0.1)
            led1.value(0)
            time.sleep(0.1)
         print('同步失败')
# 联WIFI
def WIFI_Connect(ssid,pwd):
    wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF) #STA模式
    wlan.active(True)                   #激活接口
    start_time=time.time()              #记录时间做超时判断
    if not wlan.isconnected():
        print('connecting to network...'+ssid)
        wlan.connect(ssid, pwd) #输入WIFI账号密码
        time.sleep(1)
        while not wlan.isconnected():
            if time.time()-start_time > 15 :
                print('wifi Connected Timeout!')
                os.remove('config.txt')
                machine.reset()
    if wlan.isconnected():
        print('wifi was connected!')
try:
    a,b,c,d=readconfigfile('config.txt')
except:
    print('can not find config.txt,will create it!')
    createconfigfile('config.txt')
    time.sleep(2)
    machine.reset()
WIFI_Connect(a,b)
print(a,b,c,d)
dt=time.localtime()
po=dt[2]
iflag=0
for i in range(5):
    sync_ntp()
    time.sleep(1)
while True:
    led2.value(1)
    time.sleep(1)
    led2.value(0)
    time.sleep(1)
    dt=time.localtime()
    print(dt)
    if (po==dt[2] and iflag==0):
        if (dt[3]>=6):
            onoff1(2)
            time.sleep(120)
            onoff0(2)
            iflag=1
    elif po!=dt[2]:
        machine.reset()

放在循环里，这么每天不需要重新启动

#coding:utf-8
from machine import UART,Pin,RTC
import machine
import time,network
import ntptime
import os
led1=Pin(12,Pin.OUT)
led2=Pin(13,Pin.OUT)
rtc = RTC()
k=0
def linedetect():
    uart=UART(1,baudrate=115200,tx=6,rx=7,timeout=1)  #设置Pin6=tx，Pin7=rx
    idsend='huanghe'
    idreceive='changjiang'
    uart.write(idsend)
    time.sleep(5)      #树莓派启动需要的时间，否则会反复重启
    receive_data=uart.readline()
    if (idreceive in str(receive_data)):
        return 1
    else:
        return 0
def onoff1(pinnum):
    p = Pin(pinnum, Pin.OUT)
    p.on()
#    p.off()
def onoff0(pinnum):
    p = Pin(pinnum, Pin.OUT)
    p.off()
def createconfigfile(filename):
    uart=UART(1,baudrate=115200,tx=6,rx=7,timeout=1)
    time.sleep(5)
    readmsg = uart.readline()
    if 'SSID' and 'PWD' and 'START' and 'END' and 'changjiang' in str(readmsg):
        content = readmsg
        with open(filename,mode='w',encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write(content)
def readconfigfile(filename):
    with open(filename,mode='r',encoding='utf-8') as f:
        s=f.read().strip('\n').split(',')
        if 'SSID' and 'PWD' and 'START' and 'END' and 'changjiang' in s:
            ssid=s[0].split(':')[1]
            pwd=s[1].split(':')[1]
            startt=s[2].split(':')[1]
            endt=s[3].split(':')[1]
            return ssid,pwd,startt,endt
        else:
            print('config file format error,will drop it')
            os.remove(filename)
# 同步时间
def sync_ntp():
     ntptime.NTP_DELTA = 3155644800   # 可选 UTC+8偏移时间（秒），不设置就是UTC0
     ntptime.host = 'ntp1.aliyun.com'  # 可选，ntp服务器，默认是"pool.ntp.org"
     try:
         ntptime.settime()   # 修改设备时间,到这就已经设置好了
     except:
         for i in range(6):
            led1.value(1)              #turn off 0是亮
            time.sleep(0.1)
            led1.value(0)
            time.sleep(0.1)
         print('同步失败')
# 联WIFI
def WIFI_Connect(ssid,pwd):
    wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF) #STA模式
    wlan.active(True)                   #激活接口
    start_time=time.time()              #记录时间做超时判断
    if not wlan.isconnected():
        print('connecting to network...'+ssid)
        wlan.connect(ssid, pwd) #输入WIFI账号密码
        time.sleep(1)
        while not wlan.isconnected():
            if time.time()-start_time > 15 :
                print('wifi Connected Timeout!')
                os.remove('config.txt')
                machine.reset()
    if wlan.isconnected():
        print('wifi was connected!')
try:
    a,b,c,d=readconfigfile('config.txt')
except:
    print('can not find config.txt,will create it!')
    createconfigfile('config.txt')
    time.sleep(2)
    machine.reset()
WIFI_Connect(a,b)
print(a,b,c,d)
while True:
    dt=time.localtime()
    po=dt[2]
    iflag=0
    for i in range(5):
        sync_ntp()
        time.sleep(1)
    while True:
        led2.value(1)
        time.sleep(1)
        led2.value(0)
        time.sleep(1)
        dt=time.localtime()
        print(dt)
        if (po==dt[2] and iflag==0):
            if (dt[3]>=6):
                onoff1(2)
                led2.value(1)
                time.sleep(120)
                onoff0(2)
                led2.value(0)
                iflag=1
        elif po!=dt[2]:
            break

获取天气

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/187577492

未来15天逐日天气预报和昨日天气 · 语雀 (yuque.com)

天气预报（城市级） · 语雀 (yuque.com)